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何解股民變得信心爆棚但投資能力低?

小股民對投資及理財知識唔多,不限於香港的現象,即使先進如美股都一樣。呢點唔怪得晒我哋,因為由細到大,學校無教,爸媽都多數唔識教,靠的可能不少從Google搜尋番來,咁樣學法,會產生乜野普遍現象? “信心爆棚但能力不足”囉!

呢句唔係我講,係調查話㗎。近期ChatGDP大熱,令我再諗番去年睇過的一個調查,當時還未有ChatGDP的出現。

美國Social Science Research Network (SSRN)在去年暑假,刊出一項調查報告,指互聯網令到投資者覺得他們好多野都做得到,結果就是出現信心爆棚,但投資卻失利的情況。

這篇報告題為 “沒有能力的信心” (Confidence Without Competence),由德薩斯州大學等教授做做的。

呢個調查得出的結果有幾方面:

  1. 上網搵資料讓你成為更差的投資者
  2. 上網搵資料導致人們認為他們擁有豐富的專業知識,進而出現過於自信問題,胆子大了,勇者無懼的姿態,易招致投資失利。

SSRN研究是透過幾個步驟得出呢個結論:

首先,好多人把網上睇過的資訊,歸功於自己的知識。

換言之,好多人都忘記咗佢哋曾經係網上搜尋過一些資料,當再見到類似的資訊時,以為自已早就知道咗,覺得自己好叻、乜都識咁。呢種感覺令到佢哋投資嘅時候胆子大了。

這種現象有時被稱為Google效應,也就是說,網絡模糊咗內部和外部知識之間的界線,令人們覺得“佢地比實際了解的還要多”。

其次,Google效應會導致投資者過度自信。研究人員將一班投資者分成兩組:1)有用互聯網 , 2)沒有用互聯網。並給這兩組人相同投資測試,叫他們建立一個投資組合,並且下注。

不出所料,可以上網搵資料的投資者充滿信心,勇字當頭,敢於落注。結果呢班人的投資回報,比沒有上網搵資料的一組差。

這個現象被認為是“有信心卻無能力”。導致回報率較低的原因,似乎是他們高估自己的能加,願意承擔更大的風險。

ChatCPT效應又如何?

呢個調查係在去年11月ChatCPT未出現之前進行的,加了ChatCPT的元素,我覺得更加無眼睇🙈。

ChatCPT無疑可以為你提供方便,有更整齊的搜尋資訊,但多了AI的元素,我發覺在審核資訊的正確度更花時間。

我早前曾為兩隻股票搜尋資料,並試下用ChatCPT提供一些內容,結果佢好似有板有眼,比埋截至今年3月數據我,大家都知,ChatCPT的資料庫是截至2021年九月,今年三月的數據從何而來?分析員都冇咁update嘅資料,所以我又問ChatCPT資料何來? 佢坦白承認,係佢自己”小心推斷”,但之前並沒有向我申明。這些資料用來協助投資決定,真不知是福還是禍!

要駕馭一種新的科技,真的要了解佢嘅利與弊,否則又會進一步令到自己信心爆棚,但能力因為一時疏懶沒有核實,走入了陷阱或作出錯誤的決定。

(10/3/2023)

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