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投資的智慧:ETF賺錢要睇長線

在香港的財經報紙看到篇文章,訪問新推出科技基金的基金經理,文章話隻ETF回報跑贏美國女股神的基金,同時亦都勝過美股的三大指數,睇落好似好勁。

唔知真的以為好厲害,查實新成立的ETF,只不過半年的貨仔,要跑贏女股神的ETF,難度唔高。

這篇文章並不是想揶揄人家,做過傳媒,都知要搵搶眼的標題爭取收視。今次只想借題討論一下,看基金回報要注意的事項。

筆者舉一個簡單例子,如果一隻基金,過去10年累積表現如下,顯示甚麼?

基金年初至今回報升了80%,看似好勁,但以這個成績看,十年下來,浮浮沉沉大部份時間都蝕錢,靠最近一個月翻身,之前入市的投資者,唔知有多少是蝕錢離場。

一隻基金做唔做得好,唔係睇一年半載的回報,可能基金投資大部份時間符符碌碌,不過一個唔覺意,買中咗一隻特別原因(如私有化或被收購等)反彈的股票,帶起咗整個組合,以及追番長年的表現,但路遙知馬力,長線或會打回原形。

普遍的投資基金每年的複合增長(CAGR),回報有二成以上,這是世界級。用女股神的投資旗艦ARKK做例子,五年前每股約19.7美元水平,今年升至120美元,每年的複合增長約44%,這是好厲害的數字。不要忘記,基金size越來越大,跳起舞上來都不會身輕如燕😄。

看看我們的強積金,用五年回報計,香港做得最好的強積金是中銀保誠的 《我的中國股票基金》,每年平均複合增長,回報是21.45%,可按此看看積金局的圖表和數字。 這個基金近1年、5年和10年的回報是 75.93%、164%、177.02%,即是近一年的表現,拉高這隻基金長期表現不少。

近一年,香港和中國股市在科技股帶動下,反彈不少,連帶基金的表現造好,實情是一年以前很多時間,表現乏善可陳,大家投資揀基金時,最好留意多一點點。

註:
甚麼是複合增長(CAGR)?
一個複式的計算方法,今年10元賺2元,回報20%。明年再賺2元,就用12元(之前一年的總資產)做基礎,計算第二年的升幅,即是16.7%,如此類推。

甚麼是累積表現
指長期用同一個數字做基礎。十年前有10元,十年後有18元,十年下來賺了80%。

(21/4/2021)

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