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[投資美股]IB、嘉信定富途好?

見到呢個標題,大家唔好以為係揀邊間開戶買美股好,而是趁下熱鬧,比較一下4間熱門美股證券商:盈透(Interactive Brokers, IBKR)、富途(FUTU)、嘉信理財(Charles Schwab, SCHW)和德美利證券 (Ameritrade, AMTD)的表現,這些公司都在美國上市。

大家想投資美股的時候,可能曾經費煞思量,究竟選擇邊一間證券行開戶口好。近期熱門的比較就是IB和富途。兩隻股票近年在美國都表現不錯。

這篇文章不是投資建議,筆者也沒有收取任何贊助費用,只是作為一個熱門話題,跟大家研究分析。即使你沒有打算買它們的股票,對於選擇證券行開戶口或許也有幫助,至少多一些背景資料。

新型證券行冒起 美股買賣服務風起雲湧

美股出現歷來罕見最長大牛市,加上科技的發現,連帶證券業也出現很大的變化。近年美國急速冒起的Robinhood,以零佣金搶佔市場,成功奪取年青的散戶,傳統的經紀行都受到威脅,市場老大哥們 E-Trade、 TD Ameritrade及 Charles Charles Schwab於去年10月,紛紛要跟隨,取消了交易費用來迎戰。從4家香港熟悉、在美國上市的證券行股價也都反映得到市場變化。


圖1- 四家證券行基本資料(B即 Billion,十億美元)

四家證券行中,以Charles Charles Schwab規模最大,市值大過其餘三家的總和,也比富途大十倍。不過,股價表現,以上市不足一年的富途最強勁,今年以來上升接近兩倍。富途在最近一季的業績交出亮麗的成績,而主要來自香港和中國強勁增長。

面對激烈的市場競爭,Charles Charles Schwab被逼削減佣金來迎戰,收入無可避免也受影響,股價表現近年都跑輸大市。


圖2 -四間證券行股價表現

Interactive Brokers(IB)

買開美股,相信對IB唔會太陌生,它跟富途都是以低交易費、先進交易平台做賣點。

IB成立於1977年,總部位於美國康涅狄格州,在全球超過120個市場提供期貨,外匯、債券和基金的交易服務。公司於2017年開始,減少市場莊家業務,把重點放在電子經紀業務部分,加快業務的增長。


圖 3-4-IB收入增長

富途與騰訊關係密切

富途創立於2011年,公司與騰訊(0700)關係密切,除了獲騰訊加入成為戰略投資者,公司的創始人兼主席長李華,是騰訊的創始員工。

公司於2019年3月在美國納斯達克上市。

圖4- 富途收入增長

Charles Charles Schwab收購TD Ameritrade

Charles Charles Schwab的業務除了提供證券買賣,亦提供理財顧問服務。美股買賣暢旺,證券買賣業務市場都趨向激烈,收購合併都多咗,例如今年初摩根士丹利 (MS) 宣布以 130 億美元收購 E-Trade(ETFC),而早於去年11月,市場佔有率最高的Charles Charles Schwab也向TD Ameritrade提出收購,兩間公司正進行合併計劃,兩大證券行合併後,規模又將大膨脹。

圖 5-Charles Charles Schwab收入增長


圖6- AMTD收入增長

有買開美股的朋友,相信都感受到美股證券業這股轉變,以零佣金或低收費買美股,越來越受年青人歡迎。加上新冒起的證券行利用新科技,提供先進、資訊多的投資平台,這將成為證券服務的大趨勢,這股轉變近年亦都已經吹到香港,有機會同大市分析一下。

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