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滙豐業績的啟示

滙豐公布半年業績之後,股價大插水,又成為近日的熱門話題,筆者原本已經不打算趁熱鬧,但看了一些基本資料,都係認唔住又想講多兩句😂,希望從不同的角度,給大家多一角度研究,究竟應不應再考慮投資滙豐這隻大笨象。

滙豐控股第二季稅前溢利按年急挫8成,遠差過市場預期。有關業績具體數字,各大小媒體都有詳盡報道,這裏不作重複,只係想問,業績差過預期,哪最大的意外在哪裡?有什麼驚嚇導致低殘的股價又再跌到貼地?

其實滙豐業績今次最大的焦點,就是集團作出的預期信貸損失(ECL)遠遠高過市場預期。第二季的預期信貸損失達到38.3億美元,較去年同期急升5.9倍,較市場預估的3.8倍差很遠。

換言之,今次滙豐為借出去的錢,大手筆地作了最壞打算,金額大大高過市場估計。集團管理層的解釋是:

“雖然我們的業務於1月和2月份有良好的開端,但受新冠病毒爆發和利率下跌拖累,自3月起的表現已經黯然失色。

其後,預期信貸損失大幅增加,波及所有市場,亞洲以外地區受創尤深。”

兩大疑問

滙豐的預期信貸損失跟市場有這樣大的落差,筆者就有2個問題:

1. 為何滙豐作出這麼大的損失撥備?
2. 為何市場預計不到這個大的數字?

滙豐是一個國際性的銀行,主要市場在歐洲特別是英國,以及亞洲區特別是香港。銀行是百業之母,跟經濟發展息息相關,滙豐作出這麼大的撥備,是否意味未來的經濟情況,會相當差呢?

損失撥備遠遠超出市場的估計,是否代表現時一般的市場人士、分析員對經濟環境的預測太過樂觀呢?

大家關心滙豐股價跌穿海嘯價的同時,也不要忘記金融海嘯,率先發出預警的,也是滙豐。希望今次不會有類似情況出現😖。

一眾歐洲銀行表現都咁差

今次又帶大家走出香港市場。把滙豐視為歐洲銀行。它不是最差的一隻。以美股上市的歐洲銀行比較,今年以來,股價跌了55%,其他美國上市的歐洲銀行,普遍都有四成以上的跌幅。

圖2 歐洲銀行表現(美股市場)
*註 今年表現指截至3/8/2020股價表現

基金經理都唔吼

根據《金融時報》上星期引述Copley Fund Research報告,顯示406個全球股票基金中,基金經理都把歐洲銀行的持股量由2018年的2.6%,大幅削減一半去到1.1%,是至少近十年最低的水平。原因就是擔心肺炎疫情對經濟的影響。滙豐作為歐洲最大銀行,受歡迎程度今不如昔。只有9%基金經理持有滙豐,遠比2013年四成的比例為低。

趁低吸納?

股價低殘,或有反彈的機會,問題就未來的日子,經濟還要等多少時間才見到曙光?仲有中美兩國磨擦,滙豐又是左右做人難。

另外一個大家睇得較為負面的就是,在剛公布中期業績的同時,大家看不到滙豐管理層未來的方向,以及有策略可以帶領集團走出谷底😫。

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