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美股首季差 未來仍有隱憂

美股在2022年面對嘅,可以算是十分複雜的環境,近三個月以來雖然經歷過近兩年來最差的一季,其實它的表現和韌力已經算是不錯。未來的日子可能無咁樂觀,值得大家注意下。

第一個季度,美國通脹不斷升溫,升到去40年來的高位,而美國聯儲局亦都宣布加息,幸好沒有預期的大,只是加0.25%, 不過聯儲局已經表明態度,為控制通脹絕不手軟,所以可以預期今年未來日子仲會密密加息,並會進一步收水。

另方面,俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭造引發地緣政局緊張,高油好似升唔完,令到通脹加劇,歐美人民見到物價日日升,電價、油價急漲都叫若連天,企業都冇好日子過,成本上升借錢又比高利息,收入自然受影響,在這樣的環境下,對股市都會帶來不利影響。

科技股跌得傷

2022年首三個月,標普指數跌4.6%,比反映科技股表現的納斯達克指數9%的跌幅小,其中原因就是標普指數裡面,有些大大隻的油股和金融股幫手撐起指數,實際不少股份已經跌到四腳朝天。

圖:美股近3個月以來表現

美股近三個月跌了5%,比其他地區算好了,加上二月俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭對股市造作打擊,但美股在第一季尾作了一些反彈,都收復了戰事影響的失地。

各類股份方面,除了能源及公用股之外,其他分類都見紅。最差的主要是非必需品、通訊和資料科技行業。

圖:美股近3個月各類股份表現

美股雖然最近兩星期反彈,好似有些起色,但並不代表危機已過,放在前面仍然有很多不明朗的因素,值得大家關注下。

美股仍面對隱憂

首先就是加息步伐,聯儲局的做法越來越勇猛,似乎不惜一切遏抑通脹。息口不斷上升自然令到經濟增長放慢,這樣企業的收入亦都會減少,所以息口敏感度高的股份,例如借錢比較多的房地產股,或沒有錢賺仍然處於發展期的科技股,亦都冇運行。 另一方面銀行雖然會受惠,但如果經濟增長放緩,這類經濟敏感度高的股份,前景未必如大家想像中樂觀。 加上歐洲的地緣政局仍然處於緊張階段,對股市表現亦都會帶來負面的影響,至少資金不會咁隨意作出任何的投資。

雖然美股有不少的股份出現了顯著的調整,但會否是一個吸引的水平呢?其實是未知之數,投資還是比較小心的好。踏入四月,美股將進入業績高峰期,睇睇公司賺錢能力有沒有受到通脹或打仗影響,或有些啟示。

(4/4/2022)

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