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美股2023年會否一帆風順?

美國股市從10月的低位反彈超過一成,標普指數重上4000點水平。不少科技股更加錄得逾二、三成的升幅,股市的升勢還會持續多久,明年又會如何呢?

就著近期市場一些利好的數字(如通脹升幅放緩),美國呢個Black Friday銷售又創紀錄,市場信心好似增強咗,出現唔少樂觀一派,好友更估明年標普指數可以超越5000關口,即係比現水平有25%的上升空間。

圖:美股(標普指數)今年以來走勢(截至 25/11/2022)

圖:各類指數近期的表現

不過,大家不要過早樂觀,因為市場還有很多挑戰,一些負面的因素仲未消除,適宜保持警覺。這些負面的因素包括:

  1. 利率未知何時見頂,隨時又成為調整的借口
  2. 各地貨幣緊縮政策持續,投資的資金緊縮
  3. 通脹很難確定是否受控
  4. 在利率上升和通脹高企下,明年美國及歐洲經濟有機會出現明顯的放緩
  5. 俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭的結局未明,仍為市場帶來不明朗因素
投資大行又點睇?

事實上,近期投資大行紛紛就明年市況,發表咗厚厚的研究報告。睇法都幾參差。《金融時報》近日有篇報導,節錄咗大行對明年一啲睇法,我又想跟大家分享一下。

摩根士丹利

明年股市未必一帆風順,對於2023年的企業盈利,市場共識睇得太高。該行預計2023年的年頭不會太順境,年底則有較強的結局。

瑞銀財富管理

加息可能在第一季度或第二季度結束。不過,市場仍然受到通脹和利率困擾,加上預期經濟表現疲弱,股市會繼續動盪,上半年反反覆覆都可能回到現水平附近。

高盛

屬於相信美國軟著的一派。認為市場陰霾滿佈多時,但未消化晒利淡消息,仍會受經濟增長差、高通脹等負面消息拖累,表現繼續波動。

該行相信熊市仍未完結,在目前至2023年底期間,回報仍然較低。

瑞信

與其他大行一樣,瑞信預計債券表現會唔錯,股市則持續混亂,特別是上半年。該行預計投資環境仍具挑戰,因為扣除通脹後的經濟增長,會明顯放緩,影響企業收入,此外,企業的利潤會因為成本上升而受壓。

瑞信相信到2023年下半年才有實質的轉變。

投資怎麼辦?

近期股市反彈不少,市場好似樂觀咗,但大家都要保持警覺,特別是科技股,經營環境比資金寬鬆的時候更具挑戰,股價波動少不免。要入市的話,都要分散一啲,放慢腳步。

再者,第四季是傳統的投資旺季,也是基金大戶活躍的季度,包括年尾要執靚盤數,同時又為新一年投資做好部署,12月股市即使繼續造好,未必表示明年都好,反而明年頭股市的走向,更加有啟示的作用。

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