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總統選舉之後美股會大跌?

今年有買美股特別是科技股,以贏面佔優,所以一時間多了很多股神。不過,美股升得高,似有高處不勝寒感覺😖,多了聲音擔心,美股在總統選舉之後,股市會出現一個反高潮,鬥快 “散水” ,依家是否要做好部署呢?

雖然遇上肺炎疫情,不過今年美股表現不錯,好快走出肺炎疫情的震盪,納指在科技公司領軍之下大幅反彈,率先再創新高。以傳統經濟股為主的道瓊斯指數則較為遜色,不過近月都好以龜兔賽跑般,慢慢走上來。

圖1 美股3大指數今年以來(14/8/2020)表現

美股今年第二季經濟增長暴跌32.9%,創下有記錄以來最差。股市無懼風雨,因為有財政政策和貨幣政策的支持,換言之,在聯儲局大開水喉,又有史上大規模的經濟刺激計劃撐著,在市場資金充裕下,資金繼續找投資對象,炒完科技股,近期又開始轉去傳統舊經濟股。

這個音樂椅遊戲幾時完?答案無人知,只有出現時先察覺。

不過,放在眼前有不少的風險都值得再次提提各位。美股表現未有真正反映經濟情況,而連月受追捧的科技股,估值不便宜,業務前景再佳,股價可能都要唞唞氣。加上中美兩國的角力,又會令到股市大幅波動。

另一個焦點是市場每4年,都多講到的選舉年效應。選舉年一般股市都會升,因為現任的總統會營造最佳的環境迎接選舉,以助有利自己的選情。

大選年效應有多準?

根據Dimensional Funds的研究,在過去23屆的選舉年當中,即是由1928年到2016年,整整有19年的選舉年股市都是向上的,只有四年出現調整。

圖2 自1928年以來,美國選舉年股市(S&P 500指數)表現

今年12月要離場?

選舉年股市升,大家自然想起總統選舉周期理論 (Presidential Election Cycle Theory)。在這個理論之下,在總統當選後的第一年,美國股市是最疲弱。到第2年,市場有所改善,並且漸入佳境,直到第4年下一次總統大選年,這個周期再次開始。所以投資的話,最好就選擇在選舉年之後第2年的10月1日開始入市,到第4年(另一個選舉年)的12月底離場。

這個效應今年會有多準確?當然難以預料,因為今年的變數特別多,況且大家都看到,這個理論不是屆屆都準。放在眼前,股市已經在處於一個高位,大家幾時都要做好風險管理。

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